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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

VICTOR G. BLOEDE, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHNBANCROFT, OF \VILMING'ION, I)EI,A\VARE.

PROCESS OF DYEING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,447, dated December11, 1888.

Application filed January 18, 1888- Serial No. 261,148. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, VICTOR G. BLOEDE, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Coloring orTinting Fabrics, of which the following is a full and exactspecification.

My invention relates to processes for tinting or coloring fabrics, suchas are used for window-shades, book-cloths, furniture-coverings, andlinings for clothing. The goods now used for these and similar purposesare generally prepared by the ordinary dye processes, which are alwaysmore or less expensive and with which it is almost impossible to producefastness against light, and window-shades and book-cloths are sometimesprepared by painting. the surface with mineral color, in which case thegoods are made thick and heai'y and are easily broken or otherwisedestroyed. Then, too, the color is always affected by perspiration andthe goods discolored. By my method I can produce goods which will havethe character of either of these classesthe first, in which the fabricis tinted, so as to render the goods soft and pliable, and, the second,in which a stiff-filled goods is required. My method gives an advantageover the first class in that my process is cheap, and I am enabled withit to use colorsuch as carbon which is entirely fast against light, andalso that will be unaffected by perspiration, and in the second class mygoods are smoother than painted goods, cheaper, and more pliable withoutbreaking or dislodging the color, and also possess the same qualities asmy goods of the first class. To produce goods resembling dyed goods andcapable of resistingwashing, I take as a base a more orless liquidsoapany form of fatty matter rendered soluble in water by any of thewell-known processes.

Having selected my base, which, as stated, may be fatty matter renderedsoluble in water by any of the known processes,I incorporate with it anysuitable pigment or color in sufficient quantity to insure the shaderequired. The mixture is then generally ground in a mill to the finestand most thorough combination, although some colors mingle sufficientlywell without any grinding. The mixture of water, soluble fatty matter,and

color constitutes the first step of my process. Having made the mixtureto suit the shade wanted, the coloririg-mixture is applied to the fiberor fabric in any convenient manner. It may be applied as a paint bymeans of brushes, or the goods may be immersed in or run through thecoloring-mixture. The fiber or fabric having been thoroughly impregnatedby any of these methods, and the surplus of color having been thoroughlyremoved by pressure or otherwise, the goods are now subjeeted to thesecond process. In most cases I find it desirable before proceeding tothe second treatment to dry the goods; but this is not an essentialfeature, as I can produce good results by treating the goods still dampfrom the process of impregnation.

The second step of my process consists in passing the goods evenlyimpregnated with the soluble fatty matter and color through a bath ofany substance having the power to convert the hitherto soluble fattymatterinto an insoluble compound, thus firmly binding the color to thefiber by means of the elastic insoluble matter thereby produced. I havefound chloride of calcium, owing to its low cost as well as inherentproperties, to answer my purposebest, but do not confine myself to it,

as chloride of magnesium, salts of zinc, and many other substances canbe made to answer nearly as wellin fact, any salt of the earth or metalspossessing the power of converting the soluble fatty matter into aninsoluble compound. The goods, after having been acted upon in themanner described, are then washed, dried, and finished in any mannerdesired.

Instead of using a mixture of soluble fatty 9o matter alone, starch orgum may be added to the coloring compound, in order to give it more bodyor consistency.

To produce goods the interstices and surface of which are covered, Imake a mixture of soluble fatty matter, pigment, or color, (with orwithout the addition of starch or gum,) as before, only the consistencyof the compound is increased to the extent that when suitably mixed orincorporated the material possesses ing potash or sulpho oleotecompounds. WVhenever desirable for the production of greater body orcovering power, clay, baryta, or other earthy matter may also be addedto the mixture.

Having prepared the compound of proper consistency and color, theapplication of it to the fiber or fabric is made by means of aspreading-machine or Scotch mangle in the manner well known to the artfor the application of size, &c., to fabrics. One or more coatingshaving been given to the material, the goods are (properly, but notnecessarily) dried and are then taken through a chemical bath, aspreviously described, having for its object the conversion of thesoluble fatty m at ter into the insoluble modification.

As stated, I do not in the above process confine myself to anyparticular kind of soluble fatty matter, as any soluble fatty mattercapable of being carried over into an insoluble form is more or lesswell adapted for my use. Neither do I confine myself to the chloride ofcalcium in producing this conversion, having found many other substancesof service.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The method herein described ofcoloring or tinting fabrics, which consists of applying to orimpregnating the fabric with a mixture of soluble fatty matter andcoloring-matter, and then rendering the fatty matter insoluble bytreating the fabric thus impregnated with chloride of calcium or otherequivalent compounds having the power of rendering fatty ash soap andgum, or starch, or glue, and coloring-matter, and then rendering thefatty matter insoluble by treating the fabric thus impregnated withchloride of calcium or other equivalent compound having the power ofrendering the fatty matter insoluble, substantially as described.

The process above described of coloring fabrics, which consists ofapplying by friction, pressure, or otherwise to the surface of thefabric a mixture of soluble fatty mattersuch as soda soapandcoloringqnatter, and then treating the fabric with chloride of calciumor the equivalent compound having the power of rendering the solublefatty matter insoluble, substantially as described.

4. The above-described process of coloring fabrics, which consists ofapplying by friction, pressure, or otherwise to the surface of a fabrica mixture of soluble fatty mattersuch as soda soapclay, and coloringmatter, and then treating the fabric with chloride of calcium or otherequivalent compound having the power of rendering the soluble fattymatter insoluble, substantially as described.

5. The above-described process of coloring fabrics, which consists ofapplying by friction, pressure, or otherwise to the surface of. a fabrica mixture of soluble fatty mattersuch as soda soap.clay, and starch, orgum, or glue, and oloring-matter; and then treating the fabric withchloride of calcium or other equivalent compound having the power ofrendering the soluble fatty matter insoluble, substantially asdescribed.

VICTOR G. BLOEDE.

Witnesses:

MAGGIE TURNER, FELIX R. SULLIVA v.

